A comma is used for several purposes in writing. Here are some of the primary uses:
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Separating Items in a List: Commas are used to separate three or more items in a list. For example, "I bought apples, oranges, and bananas."
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Before Coordinating Conjunctions: A comma is used before coordinating conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) when they connect two independent clauses. For example, "I wanted to go for a walk, but it started to rain."
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Setting Off Introductory Elements: Use a comma after an introductory word, phrase, or clause. For example, "After dinner, we went for a walk."
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Separating Nonessential Information: Commas are used to set off nonessential clauses or phrases that add extra information but are not crucial to the main meaning of the sentence. For example, "My brother, who lives in California, is visiting this weekend."
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Before and After Direct Address: A comma is used to separate the name of a person being addressed. For example, "Can you help me, Sarah?"
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In Dates and Addresses: Commas are used in dates and addresses to separate elements. For example, "On July 4, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was adopted." or "She moved to 123 Main Street, Springfield, Illinois."
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In Numbers: Commas are used to separate thousands in large numbers. For example, "1,000" or "1,000,000."
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Clarifying Meaning: Commas can help clarify meaning and prevent misreading. For example, "Let's eat, Grandma" vs. "Let's eat Grandma."
These are some of the key functions of commas in writing!