In the context of the study about students' texting skills, the independent and dependent variables can be identified as follows:
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The independent variable is time in minutes. (This is the variable that you can control or change, and it is the factor that is believed to affect the outcome.)
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The dependent variable is texting speed in words per minute. (This variable depends on the independent variable; it is what you measure in the experiment to see if it changes based on the independent variable.)