A biology student creates a table that shows the function of the four major macromolecules. For which macromolecule does the student list an incorrect function? a the carbohydrates, because they are entirely responsible for the structure of the cell membrane b the nucleic acids, because they are responsible for providing support for the cell wall c the lipids, because they are responsible for long-term energy storage d the proteins, because they are responsible for helping plants retain water

Answer 1

The student has listed an incorrect function for the following macromolecule:

A: The carbohydrates, because they are entirely responsible for the structure of the cell membrane.

This statement is incorrect because while carbohydrates do play a role in cell membranes (e.g., glycoproteins and glycolipids are involved in cell recognition and signaling), they are not "entirely responsible" for the structure of the cell membrane. The primary structural components of the cell membrane are phospholipids and proteins.

Here’s a brief explanation about the functions of each macromolecule mentioned:

• Carbohydrates: Primarily serve as energy sources and can also play roles in cell recognition and structural support (e.g., cellulose in plant cell walls).
• Nucleic Acids: Function in the genetic encoding and transmission of information (DNA and RNA) and are not responsible for providing support for the cell wall.
• Lipids: Primarily serve as long-term energy storage, insulation, and structural components of the cell membrane.
• Proteins: Have a wide variety of functions, including catalyzing biochemical reactions (enzymes), providing structural support, and participating in cellular signaling.

Therefore, option A is the one that contains an incorrect function attributed to carbohydrates.