(a) The hydrogen ion concentration of \( 2.21 \times 10^{-6} \) moles per liter in standard notation is \( 0.00000221 \) moles per liter.
(b) The weight of an African bush elephant, which can weigh up to 28,000 pounds, can be written in scientific notation as \( 2.8 \times 10^{4} \) pounds.