A=πR² = π(2.85•10⁻²)² =8.12•10⁻⁴ m²
G=1.16•10⁷N/m²,
F=10 N
L=7.14•10⁻³ m
Δx =?
G=(F/A)/( Δx/L) = F•L/A•Δx .
Δx= F•L/A•G=10•7.14•10⁻³/8.12•10⁻⁴•1.16•10⁷=
=7.58•10⁻⁶ m
Between each pair of vertebrae in the spinal column is a cylindrical disc of cartilage. Typically, this disc has a radius of about 2.85 10-2 m and a thickness of about 7.14 10-3 m. The shear modulus of cartilage is 1.16 107 N/m2. Suppose that a shearing force of magnitude 10 N is applied parallel to the top surface of the disc while the bottom surface remains fixed in place. How far does the top surface move relative to the bottom surface?
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