For the balanced equation:
a) You have correctly balanced the equation as 2H3PO4 + 3Ca(OH)2 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H2O.
b) To find the mass of each product, we first need to determine the number of moles of H3PO4 present in the given volume (750 mL) of 6.00 M H3PO4 solution.
The number of moles can be calculated using the formula:
moles = concentration (M) × volume (L)
Since the volume is given in milliliters (mL), we need to convert it to liters (L):
750 mL = 750 / 1000 = 0.75 L
Now, calculate the number of moles of H3PO4:
moles = 6.00 M × 0.75 L = 4.50 moles
Using the balanced equation, we can determine the stoichiometric ratio between H3PO4 and the products. From the balanced equation, we see that for each 2 moles of H3PO4, we will get 1 mole of Ca3(PO4)2 and 3 moles of H2O.
So, for 4.50 moles of H3PO4, we will get:
Ca3(PO4)2: 4.50 moles × (1 mole / 2 moles) = 2.25 moles
H2O: 4.50 moles × (3 moles / 2 moles) = 6.75 moles
To find the mass of each product, we need to multiply the number of moles by their respective molar masses:
Mass of Ca3(PO4)2 = 2.25 moles × (3 × atomic mass of Ca + atomic mass of P + 4 × atomic mass of O)
Mass of H2O = 6.75 moles × (2 × atomic mass of H + atomic mass of O)
Calculate these values using the atomic masses of the elements and you will have the mass of each product.
For the second question:
a) The molar mass of (NH4)2SO4 can be calculated by summing the atomic masses of the elements present in the compound. The atomic masses (in g/mol) are as follows:
- Nitrogen (N): 14.01 g/mol
- Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
- Sulfur (S): 32.07 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of (NH4)2SO4 = 2 × (atomic mass of N) + 8 × (atomic mass of H) + atomic mass of S + 4 × (atomic mass of O)
b) When (NH4)2SO4 is dissolved in water, it ionizes to form NH4+ and SO4^2- ions. Therefore, the product of the solution is NH4+ and SO4^2- ions in the aqueous state.
c) To determine the volume of solution needed, we need the density or concentration of the solution. Given that the mass of (NH4)2SO4 is 26.42 g and the volume of the solution is 50.00 mL, we cannot directly calculate the concentration or the amount of (NH4)2SO4 dissolved. More information is needed to answer this question accurately.
Please note that in question b) for the equation H3PO4 + Ca(OH)2 --> Ca3(PO4)2 + H2O, the correct products are Ca3(PO4)2 and 4H2O, not 6H2O as mentioned in my previous answer.