What is the primary difference between an electric motor and an electric generator?

The primary difference between a motor and a generator is that one converts electrical energy into mechanical energy (that's the motor) and the other converts mechanical energy into electrical energy (that's the generator).

The primary difference between an electric motor and an electric generator lies in their functional purpose.

An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to produce motion, typically rotating a shaft. It works based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When an electric current flows through a wire that is placed in a magnetic field, a force is generated, causing the wire to move. This motion is harnessed to produce useful work, such as spinning a fan or propelling a vehicle.

On the other hand, an electric generator (also known as a dynamo or alternator) converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction as well, but in reverse. When a magnet is rotated within a coil of wire, a magnetic field is produced, generating an electric current in the wire. This current can then be used to power electrical devices or charge batteries.

To summarize, an electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, while an electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.