Question

a) An equilibrium exists between three chemical species in the blood , Hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin and oxygen. Using the symbols Hb for hemoglobin , O2 for oxygen and HbO2 for oxygenated hemoglobin write out the equilibrium reaction. If you have determined if the forward reaction is exothermic or endothermic include the heat as a term in the equation. Be sure to include the states of the reactant and products.

b) Examine the reaction you have written. What will be the effect of decreased pressure on the system on the concentrations of [O2] , [HbO2] and [Hb] in the blood ?

c) When runners or other athletes practice at high altitudes pressure is reduced. What then will be the effect on the [O2] in their blood? Why does this produce a lightheaded feeling?

d) Athletes that have to compete at high altitudes often go to the location and train for a month or so at these reduced pressures. This would be true of mountain climbers as well. What happens to the body that allows it to compensate ( over this period of time) for the reduced pressure , so that the athletes will not become lightheaded?

e) Blood doping is a problem in many sports. What is blood doping and how is this related to this equilibrium. What species in the equilibrium is altered? How does this affect an athletes ability to compete?

f) How has the equilibrium been modified in Haber Process?

Could you please help me with this questions. Thanks

Answer 1

Yes!