Question

”We took away their best lands; broke treaties, promises; tossed them the most nearly worthless scraps of a continent that had once been wholly theirs. But we did not liquidate their spirit. The vital spark which kept them alive was hardy."

--John Collier, 1938

Use the text to answer the question.
Based on the quote, what conclusion can best be reached about John Collier?

a. He would encourage Native American leaders to trust American politicians completely.
b. He would not support the U.S. government compensating Native Americans for past unfair treatment.
c. He would encourage Native Americans to forcibly take back their traditional lands.
d. He believes the Native Americans’ drive to live fairly in the United States has not been totally destroyed.

Answer 1

d. He believes the Native Americans’ drive to live fairly in the United States has not been totally destroyed.

The quote acknowledges severe injustices but emphasizes their enduring spirit — showing Collier sees their determination and resilience despite mistreatment.