Question

In many crowded cities, open green space is hard to find. As a result,
some communities have started transforming unused rooftops into
gardens. These rooftop gardens provide several important benefits
for both people and the environment.
To start, rooftop gardens help reduce extreme heat in urban areas.
Large amounts of concrete and asphalt absorb sunlight, raising city
temperatures. Plants, on the other hand, cool the air by releasing
moisture. Because of this natural process, buildings with rooftop
gardens often require less air‑conditioning, which saves energy.
Rooftop gardens also help manage rainwater. During heavy storms,
city drainage systems can become overwhelmed. Soil and plants on
rooftops absorb much of the rain, reducing flooding and preventing
polluted water from rushing into rivers and streams.
Finally, these gardens create new habitats for birds, butterflies, and
insects. In cities where wildlife is limited, even small patches of
greenery can support local ecosystems. Some rooftop gardens even
grow vegetables, giving residents access to fresh produce.
As cities continue to grow, rooftop gardens offer a practical and
creative way to make urban areas healthier and more sustainable.
write 3–4
sentences
explaining how
structure conveys
meaning

Answer 1

The passage is organized from a general problem (limited green space) to specific solutions, with each body paragraph devoted to a distinct benefit—cooling and energy savings, stormwater management, and habitat/food production—signaled by clear transitions ("To start," "also," "finally") that guide the reader and emphasize each point. Cause-and-effect phrasing (e.g., plants cool by releasing moisture; soil and plants absorb rain) links actions to outcomes so the benefits feel concrete and persuasive. The brief conclusion returns to the big picture, reinforcing the main message that rooftop gardens are a practical, sustainable response to urban growth.