Question

Five mutations are listed in a chart.

a mutation that changes the DNA but still codes for the same protein
a mutation that causes a protein to fold in a different pattern
a mutation that causes a protein to be produced in a much smaller quantity
a mutation that is repaired by the organism's natural processes
a mutation that increases the energy production for the organism
Which mutations are considered neutral for an organism with the mutation?


1 and 2


1 and 4


2 and 3


4 and 5

Answer 1

Answer: 1 and 4.

Reasoning:
- (1) A DNA change that still codes for the same protein is a synonymous (silent) mutation and typically has no effect on phenotype → neutral.
- (4) A mutation that is repaired produces no lasting change and therefore no effect on the organism → effectively neutral.

The others affect protein folding, amount, or increase fitness, so they are not neutral.