Question

Around 1900, European nations built up their military forces, formed alliances, and expanded their colonial holdings in their efforts to

force their enemies to start wars.
maintain a balance of power.
put a conscription system in place.
end the spirit of militarism.
When European nations established colonies in Africa in the late 1800s, they

controlled colonies’ government but gave colonies economic control.
allowed colonies to run their government but held economic control.
exercised complete economic and political control over the colonies.
negotiated with colonies to determine economic and political control.
The Kashmir region is an area of conflict because of

minority ethnic groups’ wishes to gain control.
joint claims to territory by several countries.
a religious population that is primarily Hindu.
a disagreement about a common language.
Which phrase best describes the leader of a totalitarian government?

opposed to education
highly charismatic
responsive to public opinion
determined to protect personal rights

Answer 1

1) maintain a balance of power.
- Around 1900, militarization, alliance-building, and imperialism were driven largely by efforts to preserve or shift the balance of power among European states.

2) exercised complete economic and political control over the colonies.
- Late-1800s European colonial rule in Africa typically imposed direct political authority and economic exploitation (formal imperial control).

3) joint claims to territory by several countries.
- Kashmir is contested mainly because India and Pakistan (and partly China) all claim parts of the region.

4) highly charismatic.
- Totalitarian leaders often rely on a charismatic cult of personality to mobilize support and control the population.