Question

_ 1. Solid waste from manufacturing includes

a. crop waste.

b. rocks.

c. minerals.

d. plastics.

_____ 2. In the past, waste from mining:

a. was biodegradable.

b. was sometimes dumped in oceans or rivers.

c. included paper and plastics.

d. was produced by consumers.





VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT:

Read the following question and write the answer in the space provided.

3. The verb degrade means “break down.” The prefix bio- refers to living things. The suffix –able means “capable of.” Use this information to define biodegradable.

a.

RECOGNIZING SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES:

In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement.

_____ 4. Agricultural waste may be easier to dispose of than other types of solid waste because agricultural waste:

a. can be broken down and returned to the soil.

b. is often left exposed in large heaps.

c. may be used to refill abandoned mines.

d. makes up a small percentage of the total solid waste.

_____ 5. Manufacturing waste is different from mining waste in that manufacturing waste:

a. is processed and then purchased by consumers.

b. is most difficult to dispose of.

c. includes products created by human beings.

d. is biodegradable.

RECOGNIZING CAUSE AND EFFECT:

Read each question and write the answer in the space provided.

6. How do consumers indirectly create manufacturing waste?

a.

7. The increasing use of which products may cause agricultural waste to become difficult to dispose of?

a.

8. How does the use of these products make agricultural waste more difficult to dispose of?

a.

MATCHING:

Match the description on the left with the correct term from below (A-E). Write your answer on the line provided.

_____ 1. makes up most of the municipal solid waste

_____ 2. a liquid that has passed through compacted solid waste

_____ 3. garbage produced by households and businesses

_____ 4. cannot be broken down by biological processes

_____ 5. makes up more than half of the total waste produced

a. leachate b. manufacturing waste c. paper d. municipal solid waste e. plastic

MULTIPLE CHOICE:

In the space provided, write the letter of the word or statement that best completes the sentence or answers the question.

_____ 6. An example of something that is biodegradable is:

a. a leaf in a compost pile.

b. a plastic milk jug in a landfill.

c. a polystyrene burger container in a trash can.

d. All of the above.

_____ 7. The total amount of solid waste generated in the U.S. in the last 40 years:

a. has doubled.

b. has tripled.

c. has not changed.

d. None of the above.





_____ 8. The average person living in the United States produces:

a. about 400 pounds of solid waste per day.

b. about 4 pounds of solid waste per day.

c. about 400 pounds of solid waste per year.

d. about 4 pounds of solid waste per month.

_____ 9. From 1970 to the present, the percentage of waste that is recycled has:

a. increased from 6.6% to 28%.

b. decreased from 28% to 6.6%.

c. decreased from 28% to 19.6%.

d. remained the same.

_____ 10. Which of the following are problems associated with landfills?

a. source reduction and composting

b. surface improvement and leachate

c. leachate and methane production

d. all of the above

Answer 1

1. d. plastics

2. b. was sometimes dumped in oceans or rivers

3. Biodegradable: capable of being broken down by living organisms or biological processes

4. a. can be broken down and returned to the soil

5. c. includes products created by human beings

6. By buying manufactured goods, consumers create demand that causes manufacturers to produce those goods and generate manufacturing waste.

7. The increasing use of pesticides/chemical fertilizers and plastic mulches (and other synthetic materials)

8. These products contaminate crop residues with toxic chemicals and add non‑biodegradable materials, making composting or safe decomposition and disposal more difficult.

Matching:
1. c. paper
2. a. leachate
3. d. municipal solid waste
4. e. plastic
5. b. manufacturing waste

Multiple choice:
6. a. a leaf in a compost pile
7. b. has tripled
8. b. about 4 pounds of solid waste per day
9. a. increased from 6.6% to 28%
10. c. leachate and methane production