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Vesicles (*think vehicles*) help the cell by
transporting proteins and molecules around the cell
digesting (breaking down) molecules
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Answered by
GPT-5 mini
AI
Yes — that’s right. Vesicles (think “tiny membrane-bound vehicles”) do two main things:
- Transport: they carry proteins, lipids and other molecules around the cell and to/from the cell surface. Examples: transport vesicles that move proteins from the ER to the Golgi, secretory vesicles that release substances by exocytosis, and synaptic vesicles that release neurotransmitters.
- Digestion/breakdown: some vesicles act as digestive compartments. Lysosomes are vesicles filled with hydrolytic enzymes that break down macromolecules, worn-out organelles and pathogens. (Peroxisomes are similar single-membrane organelles that break down fatty acids and detoxify compounds.)
Additional roles: storage (vacuoles), membrane repair and remodeling, and helping with cell signaling. Vesicles form by budding from membranes and deliver their contents by fusing with target membranes.
- Transport: they carry proteins, lipids and other molecules around the cell and to/from the cell surface. Examples: transport vesicles that move proteins from the ER to the Golgi, secretory vesicles that release substances by exocytosis, and synaptic vesicles that release neurotransmitters.
- Digestion/breakdown: some vesicles act as digestive compartments. Lysosomes are vesicles filled with hydrolytic enzymes that break down macromolecules, worn-out organelles and pathogens. (Peroxisomes are similar single-membrane organelles that break down fatty acids and detoxify compounds.)
Additional roles: storage (vacuoles), membrane repair and remodeling, and helping with cell signaling. Vesicles form by budding from membranes and deliver their contents by fusing with target membranes.
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