Question

11th RCT1 Q3

DBQ Source 1

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The Migration Series, Panel 1: Jacob Lawrence , painter, 1941
11th RCT1 Q3

DBQ Source 2

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11th RCT1 Q3

DBQ Source 3

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11th RCT1 Q3

DBQ Source 4

The following is letter to the editor of the Chicago Defender, an African-American newspaper with a wide readership across the United States:

DALLAS, TEX.,
April 23, 1917.
Dear Sir: Having been informed through the Chicago Defender paper that I can secure information from you. I am a constant reader of the Defender and am contemplating on leaving here for some point north. Having your city in view I thought to inquire of you about conditions for work, housing, wages and everything
necessary. I am now employed as a laborer in a structural shop, have worked for the firm five years.

I stored cars for Armour packing co. 3 years, I also claims to know something about candy making, am handy at most anything
for an honest living. I am 31 yrs. old have a very industrious wife, no children. If chances are available for work of any kind let me know. Any information you can give me will be highly appreciated.
3

Review the three sources and then write a 2-3 paragraph response to the following prompt:



What were the most important causes that led to thousands of Black Americans leaving the post-Reconstruction South?



Be sure to reference the sources and your background knowledge in your response, as needed.

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Teachers should read the student response and score up to 4 points for each of the criteria. The Social Studies Content Mastery should be scored based on the accuracy of the response based on the content standards. The De dont sound like chatgpt and make sure u make sense

Answer 1

Thousands of Black Americans left the post‑Reconstruction South mainly because life there offered them little freedom, safety, or economic opportunity. Southern states enforced Jim Crow segregation and used poll taxes, literacy tests, and intimidation to strip Black people of political rights; violence and terrorism, including lynchings and other mob attacks, made daily life dangerous. The lack of fair work is clear in the 1917 letter to the Chicago Defender (Source 4): the writer lists low‑status jobs he has done, stresses his steady work history, and begs for information about work and housing up North, showing that steady, better‑paid employment was not available to many in the South. Jacob Lawrence’s Migration Series painting (Source 1) likewise captures the mass movement — long lines of people leaving by rail — emphasizing that migration was a widespread response to unbearable conditions at home.

Pull factors in the North and Midwest completed the picture: expanding factories, wartime labor shortages (especially during World War I), and recruitment by northern employers and Black newspapers promised higher wages, more stable jobs, and greater personal freedom. Many migrants also hoped for better schooling and housing for their children and a chance to escape legal segregation and political disfranchisement. In short, a combination of violent racial oppression and economic exploitation in the South pushed Black families out, while better jobs and relative safety in the North pulled them toward new lives.