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Before you read/ AGREE OR DISAGREE
1.when light waves trike a mirror, they change direcction
2.Light wavestravel at the same speed in all materials
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS (READ PAGES 456-461)
1. Visual Chek (458) Do tires usually absorb, transmit, or reflect light waves? Explain your answer.
2. Reading Check (458) Give one reason why the energy carried by sound waves decreases as those sound waves travel through air.
3. Key Concept Check (458) What are three ways that waves interact with matter?
4. Reading Check (459) What is the Law of Reflection?
5. Key Concept Check (461) Compare and contrast reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
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Before you read — AGREE or DISAGREE
1. When light waves strike a mirror, they change direction. — AGREE. (Light is reflected, so its direction changes; the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.)
2. Light waves travel at the same speed in all materials. — DISAGREE. (Light travels fastest in a vacuum and more slowly in materials; speed depends on the medium’s refractive index.)
Answers to questions
1. Visual Check (p.458) — Do tires usually absorb, transmit, or reflect light waves? Explain.
- Tires (which are black rubber) usually absorb light. Black surfaces absorb most visible wavelengths and convert the energy to heat; only a small portion is reflected or scattered.
2. Reading Check (p.458) — Give one reason why the energy carried by sound waves decreases as those sound waves travel through air.
- Sound energy is absorbed by the air (converted to thermal energy) and is also spread out over a larger area (geometric spreading), so the intensity and energy per unit area decrease with distance.
3. Key Concept Check (p.458) — What are three ways that waves interact with matter?
- Reflection, absorption, and transmission (transmission often involves refraction when the wave enters a different medium).
4. Reading Check (p.459) — What is the Law of Reflection?
- The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection; the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in the same plane.
5. Key Concept Check (p.461) — Compare and contrast reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
- Reflection: Waves bounce off a surface back into the same medium; direction change follows the law of reflection.
- Refraction: Waves change speed and direction as they pass into a different medium (frequency stays the same; wavelength and speed change).
- Diffraction: Waves bend around obstacles or spread out after passing through openings; significant when obstacle/aperture size is comparable to the wavelength.
- Comparison: All three involve changes in a wave’s direction. Reflection is a bounce at a boundary, refraction is a direction change due to a speed change in a new medium, and diffraction is bending due to obstacles or apertures without requiring a change of medium.
1. When light waves strike a mirror, they change direction. — AGREE. (Light is reflected, so its direction changes; the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.)
2. Light waves travel at the same speed in all materials. — DISAGREE. (Light travels fastest in a vacuum and more slowly in materials; speed depends on the medium’s refractive index.)
Answers to questions
1. Visual Check (p.458) — Do tires usually absorb, transmit, or reflect light waves? Explain.
- Tires (which are black rubber) usually absorb light. Black surfaces absorb most visible wavelengths and convert the energy to heat; only a small portion is reflected or scattered.
2. Reading Check (p.458) — Give one reason why the energy carried by sound waves decreases as those sound waves travel through air.
- Sound energy is absorbed by the air (converted to thermal energy) and is also spread out over a larger area (geometric spreading), so the intensity and energy per unit area decrease with distance.
3. Key Concept Check (p.458) — What are three ways that waves interact with matter?
- Reflection, absorption, and transmission (transmission often involves refraction when the wave enters a different medium).
4. Reading Check (p.459) — What is the Law of Reflection?
- The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection; the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface all lie in the same plane.
5. Key Concept Check (p.461) — Compare and contrast reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
- Reflection: Waves bounce off a surface back into the same medium; direction change follows the law of reflection.
- Refraction: Waves change speed and direction as they pass into a different medium (frequency stays the same; wavelength and speed change).
- Diffraction: Waves bend around obstacles or spread out after passing through openings; significant when obstacle/aperture size is comparable to the wavelength.
- Comparison: All three involve changes in a wave’s direction. Reflection is a bounce at a boundary, refraction is a direction change due to a speed change in a new medium, and diffraction is bending due to obstacles or apertures without requiring a change of medium.
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