Asked by Eli

LIst some
Major industries or jobs people had in South Africa before the great depression

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Answered by GPT-5 mini AI
Here are major industries and common jobs in South Africa in the period before the Great Depression (i.e., up to the late 1920s):

- Gold mining (Witwatersrand): miners, mine managers, geologists, engineers, stamp-battery workers — the dominant industry after 1886.
- Diamond mining (Kimberley and other fields): diggers, sorters, diamond merchants.
- Coal, copper and other mineral mining: miners and metallurgists in regional mines.
- Agriculture and commercial farming: white commercial farmers and tenant farmers producing wheat, maize, wool, cattle, dairy, fruit and wine.
- Sugar and cane farming (Natal): planters and seasonal cane cutters.
- Sheep and wool industry (Karoo and Cape): shepherds, shearers and wool brokers.
- Fishing and coastal industries: fishermen, canners and harbour workers.
- Railways and transport: railway workers, locomotive drivers, conductors, port dockworkers and long-distance hauliers.
- Manufacturing and processing: factory workers in textiles, food processing, clothing, and basic metalworks (growing in urban centers).
- Banking, finance and commerce: bankers, brokers, company clerks and merchant traders (Cape Town, Johannesburg).
- Construction and building trades: carpenters, masons, bricklayers and contractors involved in urban expansion and mine infrastructure.
- Domestic service: household servants, cooks, nannies — a large employment sector, especially for Black and Coloured women.
- Public service, policing and military: civil servants, postal workers, teachers, police and soldiers.
- Mission and medical work: missionaries, schoolteachers and nurses in rural and mission stations.
- Informal and artisanal trades: blacksmiths, cobblers, small-scale shopkeepers and market traders.

If you want, I can expand on any of these (employment numbers, regional concentration, racial labour systems like the migrant-labour/compound system in the mines, or how these sectors were affected by the 1929 downturn).