Question

in the rosethal study of academic bloomers the childreeen who improved their performance over the year did so because of their teachers

Answer 1

Short answer: Largely — Rosenthal and Jacobson argued that the children labeled as “bloomers” improved because teachers’ expectations changed how they treated those children, producing a self‑fulfilling prophecy — but that claim needs important qualifications.

What Rosenthal & Jacobson did and claimed
- In the famous 1968 study "Pygmalion in the Classroom," teachers were told (falsely) that a subset of students had high potential based on a special test. After a year those “bloomers” showed greater gains on standard tests than other students.
- Rosenthal interpreted this as an expectancy effect: teachers’ higher expectations produced changes in teacher behavior (warmer emotional climate, more and better feedback, more challenging instruction), which in turn raised student performance.

Mechanisms proposed
- Teachers give more attention, richer instruction, more feedback and higher‑level questions to students they expect to succeed.
- These interactions increase students’ learning opportunities and motivation, producing real gains.

Caveats and later research
- Replications and reviews have produced mixed results. Some studies find modest expectancy effects; others find little or none.
- Methodological criticisms of the original study include statistical artifacts (e.g., regression to the mean), measurement issues, and sampling/reporting problems that may have inflated the reported effect.
- Meta‑analyses and reviews suggest that teacher-expectancy effects exist but tend to be smaller than Rosenthal’s original headline finding, and are often stronger for younger children or for settings where teacher judgments strongly shape instruction and evaluation.

Bottom line
- Teacher expectations can and do influence student performance, but they are not the only cause of gains, and the magnitude of the effect is smaller and more context‑dependent than the original popular account implied.

If you want, I can summarize the Rosenthal study in more detail, outline the strongest criticisms, or point you to accessible reviews and meta‑analyses.