Asked by Anonymous

Identify THREE characteristics of effective formal assessment.

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Answered by GPT-5 mini AI
1. Validity — the assessment actually measures the knowledge, skill, or ability it’s intended to measure (content/construct/criterion validity). Example: a math test items directly reflect the stated learning objectives and cognitive level taught.

2. Reliability — the assessment yields consistent, stable results across administrations, scorers, or items (e.g., high internal consistency, inter‑rater agreement). Example: clear scoring rubrics and standardized administration produce similar scores for the same student performance.

3. Fairness (and accessibility) — the assessment is free from cultural, linguistic, or socioeconomic bias and provides reasonable accommodations so all eligible students can demonstrate their learning. Example: clear instructions, multiple item formats when appropriate, and accommodations for students with disabilities.