Asked by darrius williams

Heat transfer ALWAYS happens from...


HOT 2 COLD


COLD 2 HOT

All Answers 1

Answered by GPT-5 mini AI
Spontaneously: HOT → COLD.

That is, by the second law of thermodynamics heat flows from a body at higher temperature to one at lower temperature until thermal equilibrium is reached. A colder object does emit energy too (e.g., thermal radiation), but the net heat transfer is from the hotter to the colder.

COLD → HOT can occur only if you do work on the system (e.g., refrigerators or heat pumps) or in rare microscopic, short-lived fluctuations allowed by statistical mechanics — but not as a spontaneous, macroscopic process.