Asked by Gabriel
Scientists have changed the model of the atom as they have gathered new evidence. One of the atomic models is shown below.
A purple ball in the center surrounded by overlapping concentric black ovals, each with a small green ball on each of the 6 ovals.
What experimental evidence led to the development of this atomic model from the one before it?
A few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.
The colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.
Experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.
Cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.
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Answer: The colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.
Why: The Bohr model (electrons in fixed energy orbits around a central nucleus) was developed to explain atomic emission spectra — atoms emit light at discrete wavelengths (line spectra), which required electrons to occupy quantized energy levels. The other choices describe experiments that led to earlier models: gold-foil backscattering led to Rutherford's nuclear model; cathode-ray behavior led to discovery of the electron and Thomson's model; water-vapor composition relates to Dalton's laws.
Why: The Bohr model (electrons in fixed energy orbits around a central nucleus) was developed to explain atomic emission spectra — atoms emit light at discrete wavelengths (line spectra), which required electrons to occupy quantized energy levels. The other choices describe experiments that led to earlier models: gold-foil backscattering led to Rutherford's nuclear model; cathode-ray behavior led to discovery of the electron and Thomson's model; water-vapor composition relates to Dalton's laws.
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