Question

4. What holds sister chromatids together?
A. Centriole
B. Centromere
C. Cell membrane
D. Spindle fiber
5. During which phase do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Telophase
D. Interphase
6. What occurs during anaphase?
A. Chromosomes become visible
B. Nuclear membrane reforms
C. Sister chromatids separate
D. DNA is copied
7. In which phase does the nuclear membrane break down completely?
A. Prometaphase
B. Telophase
C. Cytokinesis
D. Anaphase
8. What structure helps pull chromosomes apart during mitosis?
A. Nucleus
B. Centriole
C. Ribosome
D. Cell wall


9. What is cytokinesis?
A. DNA replication
B. Nuclear membrane forming
C. Cytoplasm dividing
D. Chromosomes appearing
10. What is the purpose of meiosis?
A. Repairing tissue
B. Producing body cells
C. Creating identical daughter cells
D. Producing gametes
11. Meiosis produces:
A. Two identical cells
B. Four genetically different cells
C. One large cell
D. Four identical cells
12. Why do gametes contain half the number of chromosomes?
A. They divide faster
B. To reduce variation
C. Fertilization restores the full number
D. They don’t have DNA
13. What process creates genetic variety during meiosis?
A. Prophase
B. Crossing over
C. Cytokinesis
D. Interphase
14. Which type of cell division creates genetically identical cells?
A. Meiosis
B. Mitosis
C. Binary fission
D. Budding
15. During which phase do two new nuclei begin to form?
A. Metaphase
B. Anaphase
C. Telophase
D. Interphase

Answer 1

4. B. Centromere — the centromere holds sister chromatids together.
5. B. Metaphase — chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate.
6. C. Sister chromatids separate — this occurs during anaphase.
7. A. Prometaphase — the nuclear membrane breaks down completely in prometaphase.
8. B. Centriole — centrioles (and the spindle microtubules they organize) help pull chromosomes apart.
9. C. Cytoplasm dividing — cytokinesis is division of the cytoplasm.
10. D. Producing gametes — meiosis makes sex cells (sperm and eggs).
11. B. Four genetically different cells — meiosis yields four nonidentical haploid cells.
12. C. Fertilization restores the full number — gametes are haploid so fertilization returns diploid chromosome number.
13. B. Crossing over — crossing over in prophase I creates genetic variation.
14. B. Mitosis — mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells.
15. C. Telophase — two new nuclei begin to form during telophase.