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Natural black pearls are uncommon, forming only in rare conditions. Perhaps that is why Josephine Baker, an unlikely African American star of the twentieth century, earned the nickname "Black Pearl." She was a truly special woman, who rose from difficult beginnings to become a world-famous performer, a World War II spy, and a human rights activist.
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2 Josephine Baker was born in 1906 in St. Louis, Missouri. Her parents were performers themselves, but they struggled to make ends meet. To make money, Josephine started performing on street corners. When she was fifteen, a traveling African American theater group noticed her dancing and
3 Baker was a huge hit in Paris. She became one of the biggest stars in all of Europe. She sang, danced, and even starred in movies. She was known for her shocking costumes and one-of-a-kind style. Her most famous costume included a skirt made of bananas! Offstage, she could be seen strolling the streets of Paris, walking her pet cheetah on a leash. Because of her success, Baker became very wealthy. She later made her home in a centuries-old castle in southern France. She adopted twelve children of different races from all around the world. She called them her "rainbow tribe."
During World War II, Baker's career took a remarkable turn. She served in the French Air Force and became a spy. Because she was a famous entertainer, she could travel around Europe without raising suspicion. No one believed her to be anything but a performer. She was invited to attend and perform at parties given by powerful people who were enemies of France. She gathered important information and passed it on to the French in secret messages written in invisible ink on her sheet music.
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In the 1950s, Baker returned to the United States to perform. She was a hit, but it angered her that some clubs had audiences that were separated by race. She refused to perform at those places. She spoke out publicly against the unfair way African Americans were treated. As a result, the American government took away her U.S. citizenship. Baker went back to her adopted home of France. However, she returned to the U.S. in 1963 to take part in a large civil rights march with Martin Luther King, Jr. She was the only woman to speak at this event. Wearing her French military uniform, she talked of the freedoms she enjoyed in France and her hope that African Americans would soon enjoy the same freedoms.
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government took away her U.S. citizenship. Baker went back to her adopted home of France. However, she returned to the U.S. in 1963 to take part in a large civil rights march with Martin Luther King, Jr. She was the only woman to speak at this event. Wearing her French military uniform, she talked of the freedoms she enjoyed in France and her hope that African Americans would soon enjoy the same freedoms.
Josephine Baker's life ended in 1975, just days after she received wonderful reviews for a sold-out performance celebrating her decades as a performer. Her death saddened people in Paris and around the world, but she had certainly lived a full and amazing life. She was the rare "Black Pearl" of her time.
Who is the text about?
Josephine Baker, a famous performer who had a collection of rare black pearls
Josephine Baker, a famous entertainer and spy who fought for civil rights
Josephine Baker, a famous singer and dancer who built castles in France
Josephine Baker, a famous Broadway star who married Martin Luther King, Jr.

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Josephine Baker, a famous entertainer and spy who fought for civil rights