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shortly describe what is the earths crust, mantle, and core
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- Crust: The thin, outermost solid shell (5–70 km thick). Oceanic crust is thin (≈5–10 km) and basaltic; continental crust is thicker (≈30–70 km) and granitic. It’s cool and rigid relative to deeper layers and hosts all surface rocks and life.
- Mantle: The thick intermediate layer (~2,900 km thick) of solid silicate rock rich in magnesium and iron. It behaves rigidly at short timescales but convects slowly (ductile flow) over geologic time, driving plate tectonics. Temperatures range roughly from a few hundred °C near the top to ≈3,500–4,000 °C at the base.
- Core: The central metallic region (~3,480 km radius) made mostly of iron and nickel, divided into a liquid outer core and a solid inner core. The liquid outer core (responsible for Earth’s magnetic field through convective motion) surrounds a very hot, high‑pressure solid inner core; temperatures reach around 5,000–6,000 °C.
- Mantle: The thick intermediate layer (~2,900 km thick) of solid silicate rock rich in magnesium and iron. It behaves rigidly at short timescales but convects slowly (ductile flow) over geologic time, driving plate tectonics. Temperatures range roughly from a few hundred °C near the top to ≈3,500–4,000 °C at the base.
- Core: The central metallic region (~3,480 km radius) made mostly of iron and nickel, divided into a liquid outer core and a solid inner core. The liquid outer core (responsible for Earth’s magnetic field through convective motion) surrounds a very hot, high‑pressure solid inner core; temperatures reach around 5,000–6,000 °C.
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