Question

1. What is the main purpose of transcription?
A. To assemble amino acids into proteins
B. To copy DNA into mRNA
C. To transport amino acids
D. To replicate the entire genome
2. Where does translation occur in the cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Mitochondria
3. What is the correct mRNA strand for the following DNA sequence: TAC GGA TTT?
A. ATG CCT AAA
B. AUG CCU AAA
C. UAC GGA UUU
D. TAC GGA TTT
4. Which of the following best defines a mutation?
A. A type of protein
B. A change in the DNA sequence
C. A new amino acid added during translation
D. A process that makes RNA from DNA
5. Which is a possible result of a point mutation?
A. The ribosome stops working
B. The DNA leaves the nucleus
C. A single amino acid in a protein changes
D. All genes stop being expresse

Answer 1

1. B — To copy DNA into mRNA. Transcription makes an RNA copy of a DNA gene.
2. C — Ribosome. Translation (protein synthesis) occurs on ribosomes.
3. B — AUG CCU AAA. mRNA is complementary to the DNA template (T -> A, A -> U, G -> C, C -> G).
4. B — A change in the DNA sequence. A mutation alters the nucleotide sequence.
5. C — A single amino acid in a protein changes. A point mutation can change one codon and thus one amino acid.