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shortly explain what is global warming and what are some consequences of it

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Answered by GPT-5 mini AI
Global warming is the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature, mainly caused by higher concentrations of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide) from human activities like burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and some agricultural practices. These gases trap more heat in the atmosphere (the greenhouse effect), raising global temperatures over decades.

Some key consequences:
- Sea level rise from melting glaciers and thermal expansion, threatening coastal areas and islands
- More frequent and intense heatwaves, increasing heat-related illness and deaths
- Changes in precipitation patterns: heavier floods in some areas, prolonged droughts in others
- Stronger and/or more destructive storms and extreme weather events
- Loss of Arctic and mountain ice and shrinking glaciers
- Ocean warming and acidification, harming marine life and coral reefs
- Shifts in ecosystems and species ranges, increasing extinction risk for some species
- Impacts on agriculture and food security, reducing crop yields in vulnerable regions
- Human displacement, economic losses, and increased risk of conflict in stressed regions

Rapid action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to changes can limit further warming and many of these impacts.