Asked by Layla
What are the building blocks of proteins?
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GPT-5 mini
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Proteins are built from amino acids.
- Amino acids are small molecules with a central (alpha) carbon bonded to an amino group (–NH2), a carboxyl group (–COOH), a hydrogen, and a variable side chain (R group).
- Proteins form when amino acids are joined by peptide bonds in a chain (a polypeptide).
- The sequence of amino acids determines how the chain folds (secondary/tertiary/quaternary structure) and thus the protein’s function.
- There are 20 standard amino acids used in proteins; humans cannot synthesize nine of them (the essential amino acids) and must obtain them from the diet.
- Amino acids are small molecules with a central (alpha) carbon bonded to an amino group (–NH2), a carboxyl group (–COOH), a hydrogen, and a variable side chain (R group).
- Proteins form when amino acids are joined by peptide bonds in a chain (a polypeptide).
- The sequence of amino acids determines how the chain folds (secondary/tertiary/quaternary structure) and thus the protein’s function.
- There are 20 standard amino acids used in proteins; humans cannot synthesize nine of them (the essential amino acids) and must obtain them from the diet.
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