Question

eteaching Activity
First Aid in Emergency Situations
Directions: Complete the following chart by writing how you
should respond with first-aid treatment for each of the following
health emergencies.
Health Emergency First-Aid Treatment
Choking
Shock
Severe Bleeding
Loss of Consciousness

Answer 1

Here are clear, brief first-aid steps you can put into the chart. These are general guidelines — seek formal first-aid/CPR training and call emergency services whenever you are unsure or the person’s condition is serious.

Choking
- If the person can cough or speak: encourage them to cough strongly; do not interfere.
- If the person cannot breathe, speak or cough (severe obstruction): call emergency services immediately (or have someone else call).
- For conscious adults/children over 1: deliver 5 firm back blows between the shoulder blades, then 5 abdominal thrusts (Heimlich); repeat until object is expelled or they become unconscious.
- For infants under 1 year: alternate 5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts (use two fingers for chest thrusts); do not perform abdominal thrusts.
- If the person becomes unresponsive: lower to the ground, call/confirm EMS, begin CPR and check the mouth for the object before giving breaths (only remove if you can see it).

Shock
- Call emergency services immediately.
- Lay the person flat on their back (unless spinal injury suspected). If breathing is normal, elevate their legs about 12 inches to improve circulation, unless it causes pain or a suspected leg/spine injury.
- Keep them warm and comfortable (cover with a blanket), but avoid overheating.
- Stop any obvious bleeding (apply direct pressure).
- Reassure and keep the person still and calm. Monitor breathing and consciousness; be ready to give CPR if needed.
- Do NOT give food or drink.

Severe Bleeding
- Call emergency services immediately.
- Put on gloves if available. Apply firm, direct pressure over the wound with a clean cloth or dressing. Maintain pressure — do not remove dressings to check.
- If possible, elevate the injured limb above heart level while maintaining pressure.
- If bleeding soaks through, add more dressings on top and continue pressure (do not remove existing ones).
- For an impaled object: do not remove it. Stabilize the object with bulky dressings and apply pressure around (not directly on) the object.
- If bleeding is life-threatening and cannot be controlled by direct pressure, a trained person may apply a tourniquet high on the limb (follow local protocols). Keep monitoring and get the person to definitive care.

Loss of Consciousness
- Check responsiveness: shout and gently tap. If no response, call emergency services immediately or ask someone else to call.
- Check breathing: look, listen, and feel for no more than 10 seconds.
- If breathing normally: place the person in the recovery position (on their side), open airway, and monitor until help arrives.
- If not breathing or only gasping: start CPR (30 compressions : 2 breaths for trained rescuers) and use an AED as soon as available.
- Protect the person from harm, loosen tight clothing, and monitor vital signs. Do not give anything by mouth.
- Try to find out/relay to responders any cause (injury, diabetic issue, overdose, seizure) and any known medical history.

If you want, I can format this into a neat chart/table for printing or classroom use.