Question

Which best describes the long-term impact of the Fourteenth Amendment?
The Fourteenth Amendment has had little impact on American society.
The Fourteenth Amendment made it difficult for African Americans to vote.
The Fourteenth Amendment allowed Southern states to pass the Black Codes.
The Fourteenth Amendment later became the basis for equal rights claims.

Answer 1

"The Fourteenth Amendment later became the basis for equal rights claims."

Explanation: The Amendment's citizenship, Due Process, and Equal Protection clauses have been used over time to expand civil rights (e.g., incorporation of Bill of Rights protections against the states, Brown v. Board of Education, and later equality decisions). The other choices are incorrect: the Amendment had major impact (not little), it did not make voting harder for African Americans (the 15th Amendment addressed voting), and it did not enable Black Codes—if anything it was used to challenge discriminatory state laws.