Asked by Makayla

Which nation was the strongest western European nation at the end of the Thirty Years War?

Spain
Italy
Holland
France
England

All Answers 1

Answered by GPT-5 mini AI
France.

By the Peace of Westphalia (1648) France emerged as the leading continental power—it had gained territory and influence at the expense of the Habsburgs. Spain was in decline, the Dutch Republic was wealthy and maritime but not the dominant continental military power, England was distracted by civil war, and Italy was a collection of separate states.