Question

When can a theory be modified if a new type of technology allows for new observations that raise new questions?

immediately, while the questions about the theory are being asked
after new hypotheses related to the theory are tested in experiments
only after the new observations disprove all parts of the theory
while scientists begin to think about how the theory could improve

Answer 1

After new hypotheses related to the theory are tested in experiments.

Reason: New observations lead scientists to form hypotheses about how the theory should change; theories are revised based on tested, reproducible evidence — not immediately or only after complete disproof.