Question

Read the following quotation from Catholic bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet at the court of Louis XIV.

Rulers then act as the ministers of God and as his lieutenants on earth. It is through them that God exercises his empire. . . . Consequently, as we have seen, the royal throne is not the throne of a man, but the throne of God himself.

Who would most likely have disagreed with the bishop’s point of view?

a French aristocrat
a bishop who was not a member of the royal court
a member of the British Parliament
an absolute monarch from Spain or Russia

Which best explains the role the Huns played in Rome’s collapse?

The Huns attacked seaside cities in an effort to cut off key trade routes.
The Huns joined with Germanic tribes to attack more than seventy cities.
The Huns attacked more than seventy cities throughout the empire.
The Huns captured the symbolic cities of Rome and Constantinople.

One of Galileo’s contributions to science was

creating the coordinate plane system.
developing the scientific method.
improving the telescope.
inventing the astrolabe.

Italy during the Renaissance is best described as

an important center of trade.
a secondary place for trade.
an ally of the Ottoman Empire.
an opponent of the Ottoman Empire.

Who was Giuseppe Garibaldi?

the first leader of Italy after unification
a leader who freed Italy from Austria
the leader of the group Young Italy
a nationalist leader of southern Italy

In the 1800s, Britain and the United States had laws against unionizing mainly because they believed unions

would cause a lot of violence.
would be bad for the economy.
would brainwash their workers.
would reduce the work hours.

What did John Winthrop do in the Americas?

founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony
founded Jamestown
founded New France
founded Delaware

During the era of reform studied, which was the last group to win the rights they fought for?

labor
enslaved persons
women
children

The map shows medieval Europe.

Map of Charlemagne's Empire. The empire is shaded in purple and reaches the Atlantic Sea, North Sea, and Mediterranean Sea.

Charlemagne was known as the "father of Europe.” How does this map help to explain that title?

It shows that Charlemagne united eastern and western Europe.
It shows that Charlemagne’s empire was as large as that of the Franks.
It shows that Charlemagne’s empire was more powerful than the Roman Empire.
It shows that Charlemagne conquered a huge part of Europe.
.

Answer 1

1) Who would most likely have disagreed with Bossuet?
- a member of the British Parliament — they supported limits on royal power and parliamentary authority rather than divine-right absolutism.

2) Which best explains the role the Huns played in Rome’s collapse?
- The Huns joined with Germanic tribes to attack more than seventy cities — their invasions pushed and sometimes allied with Germanic groups, increasing pressure on the empire.

3) One of Galileo’s contributions to science was
- improving the telescope.

4) Italy during the Renaissance is best described as
- an important center of trade.

5) Who was Giuseppe Garibaldi?
- a nationalist leader of southern Italy.

6) In the 1800s, Britain and the United States had laws against unionizing mainly because they believed unions
- would be bad for the economy.

7) What did John Winthrop do in the Americas?
- founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

8) During the era of reform studied, which was the last group to win the rights they fought for?
- women.

9) How does this map help explain Charlemagne being called the "father of Europe"?
- It shows that Charlemagne conquered a huge part of Europe.