Question

What was the circumstance under which the English Reformation began?

Professors at the Universities of Cambridge and Oxford began studying the Hebrew Bible and the Greek New Testament.
Emperor Charles V interfered with the appointment of the Archbishop of Canterbury.
Printers published Martin Luther’s Ninety-five Theses.
Pope Clement VII denied King Henry VIII’s request for a marriage annulment.
Thomas Cranmer published the Thirty-nine Articles.

Answer 1

Pope Clement VII denied King Henry VIII’s request for a marriage annulment.

When the pope would not annul Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon (partly because of pressure from her nephew, Emperor Charles V), Henry moved to break with Rome, declaring himself Supreme Head of the Church of England (Act of Supremacy, 1534) — the start of the English Reformation.