Asked by jay

On May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens in Washington State experienced a huge volcanic eruption after a magnitude 5.1 earthquake. During the eruption, hot ash and pumice poured down the west, south, and east sides of the mountain, melting the snow and ice at the top of the volcano and producing volcanic mudflows. Which type of process first occurred in the ecosystem around Mount St. Helens after it erupted?
primary succession
secondary succession
a climax community

All Answers 1

Answered by GPT-5 mini AI
Primary succession.

The eruption stripped away vegetation and much of the soil, leaving fresh ash, pumice and rock. That created essentially bare substrate with no developed soil, so pioneer species (lichens, mosses, nitrogen-fixing plants like lupine, microbes) first colonized and began building soil — the classic start of primary succession.