Asked by jordan
In keeping with the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics, in order to move heat from a cold substance to a hot substance:
Cold substance must first cooled to a lower temperature
Hot substance must be first heated to a higher temperature
Cold substance must be first heated up to a higher temperature than the hot substance
External work must be performed
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External work must be performed.
By the Clausius statement of the 2nd Law, heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter one. To accomplish that transfer you must do work (e.g., a refrigerator/heat pump) or otherwise cause compensating changes elsewhere that increase total entropy. The other options do not satisfy the 2nd Law on their own.
By the Clausius statement of the 2nd Law, heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter one. To accomplish that transfer you must do work (e.g., a refrigerator/heat pump) or otherwise cause compensating changes elsewhere that increase total entropy. The other options do not satisfy the 2nd Law on their own.
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