Question

Select the statement(s) that accurately describe how evidence for evolution is demonstrated through the relationship between the ancient Cladoselache (fossil pictured) and modern sharks


Modern sharks have a very similar body style to the fossil record of the Cladoselache.


Modern sharks evolved from a species other than the Cladoselache.


The Cladoselache and modern sharks are unrelated and do not share common characteristics.


The skeletons of modern sharks are similar to the fossils found of the Cladoselache.


Modern sharks have changed gradually over the course of many years, developing traits that aid its survival.

Answer 1

Correct statements: 1, 2, 4, and 5.

Brief reasons:
- 1: Cladoselache and modern sharks share a similar streamlined body plan (fins, tail, overall shark-like shape).
- 2: Modern sharks did not descend directly from a single fossil species like Cladoselache; they share common ancestry with early shark-like fishes and evolved through branching lineages.
- 4: Both have cartilaginous skeletons and comparable skeletal features preserved in fossils, showing structural similarities.
- 5: The fossil record shows gradual changes and the accumulation of traits over time that improved survival — consistent with evolution.

Statement 3 is incorrect: Cladoselache and modern sharks are related and do share common characteristics.