Question

How were old imperialism and new imperialism similar?

Imperialists sought gold, cash crops, and trade goods.
Asia was a major focus of colonization.
Imperialists aimed to build large empires.
Colonies existed for the benefit of a mother country.





___________increased competition for power among European states and led to imperialism.




In what way did imperialism hurt rather than help European nations?

It kept nations from cooperating to achieve shared goals.
It slowed the development of new industries and trade.
It prevented people from forming powerful nation-states.
It led nations to put Europe’s welfare above their own.




This is a quotation from Russian scientist Peter Kropotkin.

[T]hose animals which acquire habits of mutual aid are undoubtedly the fittest. They have more chances to survive, and they attain, in their respective classes, the highest development and bodily organization. ...[Mutual aid] favors the development of such habits and characters as insure the maintenance and further development of the species, together with the greatest amount of welfare and enjoyment of life for the individual, with the least waste of energy.

–"Mutual Aid as a Factor in Evolution,” Peter Kropotkin

Which words or phrases support the idea that Social Darwinism is wrong? Check all that apply.

mutual aid
animals
development
enjoyment
species




The belief that one’s culture is superior to other cultures is known as___________.



What was one effect of industrialization?

Nations became more self-sufficient.
Nations began to cooperate rather than compete.
Nations needed more raw materials.
Nations started to reduce their territories overseas.



How was a colony different from a protectorate?

A colony was protected by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.
A protectorate helped defend an imperial power, and a colony did not.
A colony was independent of an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.
A colony was governed by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.



Europeans who ruled territories directly denied the influence of Indigenous people because

imperialists were afraid that Indigenous people would make trade agreements with their enemies.
Europeans saw territories as an extension of a home country, so they demanded that Indigenous people conform.
Indigenous people under direct rule had weak leadership, so they did not want or expect to have influence.
Europeans saw Indigenous people as racially superior, so they felt the need to demand that Indigenous people conform to European ways to protect their culture.



How did advanced weaponry help Europe during new imperialism?

It became Europe’s most valuable trade export.
It gave imperialists even more power over non-Europeans.
It advanced economic reforms in Europe.
It convinced colonies of Europe’s cultural superiority.

Answer 1

1) How were old imperialism and new imperialism similar?
- Imperialists sought gold, cash crops, and trade goods.
- Imperialists aimed to build large empires.
- Colonies existed for the benefit of a mother country.
(Asia was not a similarity in both periods to the same extent.)

2) ___________ increased competition for power among European states and led to imperialism.
- Nationalism

3) In what way did imperialism hurt rather than help European nations?
- It kept nations from cooperating to achieve shared goals.

4) Which words or phrases from Kropotkin support the idea that Social Darwinism is wrong? (check all that apply)
- mutual aid
- development
- enjoyment
- species
(not “animals” — that term is neutral here)

5) The belief that one’s culture is superior to other cultures is known as
- ethnocentrism

6) What was one effect of industrialization?
- Nations needed more raw materials.

7) How was a colony different from a protectorate?
- A colony was governed by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.

8) Europeans who ruled territories directly denied the influence of Indigenous people because
- Europeans saw territories as an extension of a home country, so they demanded that Indigenous people conform.

9) How did advanced weaponry help Europe during new imperialism?
- It gave imperialists even more power over non-Europeans.