Question

Which factors were affected by the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea? Check all that apply.

the shape of Earth’s orbit
global wind patterns
ocean currents
the tilt of Earth’s axis
global climates

Answer 1

- global wind patterns — Yes. Moving continents changed land/sea distribution and mountain positions, which altered atmospheric circulation and wind systems.
- ocean currents — Yes. Opening and closing of ocean gateways (Atlantic, Indian, Southern oceans) reorganized currents that transport heat.
- global climates — Yes. Changes in currents and winds redistributed heat and moisture, driving long‑term climate change (e.g., cooling of Antarctica).

Not affected:
- the shape of Earth’s orbit — No. Orbital parameters are set by celestial mechanics, not continental layout.
- the tilt of Earth’s axis — No. Axial tilt (obliquity) is controlled by planetary dynamics, not by the arrangement of continents.