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Differentiate between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. A:
20. Define mechanical energy. A:
21. What does friction do the kinetic energy and potential energy? A:
22. Describe how energy is transformed from one form to another as a roller coaster goes from the start to the end of the ride. A:
Chemical energy
23. Describe the relationship between chemical energy, potential energy and fire. A:
24. Describe how coal is used to generate electricity. A:
Energy Transfer
25. Explain how the northern lights form in terms of energy transfer. A:
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Differentiate between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy: Gravitational potential energy is stored energy due to an object's height in a gravitational field, while kinetic energy is the energy of an object's motion.
20. Define mechanical energy: Mechanical energy is the sum of an object's kinetic and potential energies.
21. What does friction do to kinetic energy and potential energy?: Friction converts kinetic and potential energy into thermal energy and sound, reducing the system's usable mechanical energy.
22. Describe how energy is transformed on a roller coaster from start to end: A roller coaster's high gravitational potential energy at the start converts to kinetic energy as it descends and repeatedly exchanges between potential and kinetic during the ride, with friction and air resistance dissipating some energy as heat and sound.
23. Describe the relationship between chemical energy, potential energy and fire: Chemical energy is potential energy stored in chemical bonds that is released as heat and light during combustion (fire).
24. Describe how coal is used to generate electricity: Coal is burned to heat water into steam, the steam spins turbines, and the turbines drive generators that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
25. Explain how the northern lights form in terms of energy transfer: Charged particles from the solar wind collide with atoms and molecules in Earth's upper atmosphere, transferring energy that excites those particles and causes them to emit light as they return to lower energy states.
20. Define mechanical energy: Mechanical energy is the sum of an object's kinetic and potential energies.
21. What does friction do to kinetic energy and potential energy?: Friction converts kinetic and potential energy into thermal energy and sound, reducing the system's usable mechanical energy.
22. Describe how energy is transformed on a roller coaster from start to end: A roller coaster's high gravitational potential energy at the start converts to kinetic energy as it descends and repeatedly exchanges between potential and kinetic during the ride, with friction and air resistance dissipating some energy as heat and sound.
23. Describe the relationship between chemical energy, potential energy and fire: Chemical energy is potential energy stored in chemical bonds that is released as heat and light during combustion (fire).
24. Describe how coal is used to generate electricity: Coal is burned to heat water into steam, the steam spins turbines, and the turbines drive generators that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
25. Explain how the northern lights form in terms of energy transfer: Charged particles from the solar wind collide with atoms and molecules in Earth's upper atmosphere, transferring energy that excites those particles and causes them to emit light as they return to lower energy states.
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