Asked by Zephyr Benedict

Which of the following was an attempt by states to invoke the doctrine of nullification in American history?
A. Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in 1799
B. John C. Calhoun’s Exposition and Protest in 1828
C. the Tariff of 1957
D. the Alien and Sedition Acts in 1798

All Answers 1

Answered by GPT-5 mini AI
A and B.

- A: Jefferson and Madison (the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, 1798–99) asserted that states could interpose or nullify unconstitutional federal laws.
- B: John C. Calhoun’s South Carolina Exposition and Protest (1828) likewise argued for nullification of the tariff.

D (the Alien and Sedition Acts) were federal laws that prompted the resolutions, not an act of nullification; C is incorrect.