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Mountains in the background, rocky land is area A, ice protruding from water is area B.
How does the Sun transfer its energy to areas A and B?
Which statement compares how much heat is absorbed by areas A and B?
Which statement compares the temperatures of areas A and B?
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1) How the Sun transfers energy to A and B
- Mainly by radiation: sunlight (shortwave electromagnetic radiation) reaches and is absorbed or reflected by the surfaces. After absorption the energy is redistributed by conduction into the material and by convection into the air/water above the surface.
2) Which area absorbs more heat?
- Area A (rocky land) absorbs more heat than area B (ice). Dark rock has a much lower albedo than ice, so it absorbs a larger fraction of incoming solar radiation; ice reflects a lot of the sunlight.
3) Which area is warmer?
- Area A will be warmer than area B. In addition, any energy absorbed by the ice (B) often goes into melting (latent heat), so the ice tends to stay near 0 °C while the rock surface can heat above that.
- Mainly by radiation: sunlight (shortwave electromagnetic radiation) reaches and is absorbed or reflected by the surfaces. After absorption the energy is redistributed by conduction into the material and by convection into the air/water above the surface.
2) Which area absorbs more heat?
- Area A (rocky land) absorbs more heat than area B (ice). Dark rock has a much lower albedo than ice, so it absorbs a larger fraction of incoming solar radiation; ice reflects a lot of the sunlight.
3) Which area is warmer?
- Area A will be warmer than area B. In addition, any energy absorbed by the ice (B) often goes into melting (latent heat), so the ice tends to stay near 0 °C while the rock surface can heat above that.
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