Asked by grat
How did the Seminole react differently from the Cherokee and Choctaw when the United States government wanted them to move west?
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They responded with armed, prolonged resistance.
- Cherokee: Many tried to resist removal through adoption of Euro‑American ways and legal action (notably Worcester v. Georgia, 1832). Despite that and internal political struggle, most were eventually removed in the 1838–39 Trail of Tears after the U.S. used treaties (including the disputed Treaty of New Echota) and force.
- Choctaw: They negotiated removal earlier than most tribes (Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, 1830) and moved in organized groups to Indian Territory; the removal was brutal and costly, but it was carried out largely by treaty and relocation rather than sustained warfare.
- Seminole: They refused to go, harbored runaway slaves, and fought the U.S. in a series of Seminole Wars (especially 1835–1842). Using Florida’s swamps and guerrilla tactics under leaders like Osceola, they waged prolonged military resistance; some were finally removed, but a remnant resisted and remained in Florida.
In short: Cherokee relied on legal/assimilative strategies (then were forced out), Choctaw negotiated early removal, whereas the Seminole fought rather than accept removal.
- Cherokee: Many tried to resist removal through adoption of Euro‑American ways and legal action (notably Worcester v. Georgia, 1832). Despite that and internal political struggle, most were eventually removed in the 1838–39 Trail of Tears after the U.S. used treaties (including the disputed Treaty of New Echota) and force.
- Choctaw: They negotiated removal earlier than most tribes (Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, 1830) and moved in organized groups to Indian Territory; the removal was brutal and costly, but it was carried out largely by treaty and relocation rather than sustained warfare.
- Seminole: They refused to go, harbored runaway slaves, and fought the U.S. in a series of Seminole Wars (especially 1835–1842). Using Florida’s swamps and guerrilla tactics under leaders like Osceola, they waged prolonged military resistance; some were finally removed, but a remnant resisted and remained in Florida.
In short: Cherokee relied on legal/assimilative strategies (then were forced out), Choctaw negotiated early removal, whereas the Seminole fought rather than accept removal.
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