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who
believes that sabotage is a rational response to the apartheid system.
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The African National Congress (ANC) — specifically its armed wing Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), co‑founded by Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo and others in 1961 — argued that sabotage and limited armed struggle were a rational and necessary response to the intransigent apartheid state. Nelson Mandela defended sabotage and armed resistance in speeches and during the Rivonia Trial (his 1964 "I Am Prepared to Die" speech).
Intellectuals who influenced and justified violent resistance more broadly — notably Frantz Fanon in The Wretched of the Earth — also argued that violent or coercive tactics were a rational response to colonial and racially oppressive regimes.
If you want, I can give specific quotations (e.g., from Mandela’s speeches or the ANC’s 1961 statement), or summarize the Rivonia Trial arguments. Which would you prefer?
Intellectuals who influenced and justified violent resistance more broadly — notably Frantz Fanon in The Wretched of the Earth — also argued that violent or coercive tactics were a rational response to colonial and racially oppressive regimes.
If you want, I can give specific quotations (e.g., from Mandela’s speeches or the ANC’s 1961 statement), or summarize the Rivonia Trial arguments. Which would you prefer?
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