Question

“I am filled with deep emotion at finding myself standing here in the place . . . from which sprang the institutions under which we live. . . . I have never had a feeling politically that did not spring from the sentiments embodied in the Declaration of Independence. . . . It was not the mere matter of the separation of the colonies from the mother land; but something in that Declaration giving liberty, not alone to the people of this country, but hope to the world for all future time. It was that which gave promise that in due time the weights should be lifted from the shoulders of all men. . . .

“Now, my friends, can this country be saved upon that basis? If it can, I will consider myself one of the happiest men in the world if I can help to save it. If it can’t be saved upon that principle, it will be truly awful.

“Now, in my view of the present aspect of affairs, there need be no bloodshed and war. . . . And I may say in advance, there will be no blood shed unless it be forced upon the Government. . . .

“My friends, this is a wholly unprepared speech. I did not expect to be called upon to say a word when I came here. . . . I may, therefore, have said something indiscreet, but I have said nothing but what I am willing to live by, and, in the pleasure of Almighty God, die by.”

President-elect Abraham Lincoln, speaking at Independence Hall in Philadelphia, February 22, 1861

The excerpt best serves as evidence for which of the following developments?


Abraham Lincoln attempted to increase the size of the army to regain Southern states.

Option A,Abraham Lincoln attempted to increase the size of the army to regain Southern states.

a

Lincoln rejected allowing any additional states to join the United States.

Option B,Lincoln rejected allowing any additional states to join the United States.

b

Lincoln sought to avoid violence over the issues that divided the country.

Option C,Lincoln sought to avoid violence over the issues that divided the country.

c

Lincoln intended to enforce the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

d

The excerpt most likely reflects which of the following historical situations?


Abraham Lincoln won all of the electoral college votes in the presidential election.

Option A,Abraham Lincoln won all of the electoral college votes in the presidential election.

a

Formerly enslaved people were given the right to vote in presidential elections.

Option B,Formerly enslaved people were given the right to vote in presidential elections.

b

Southern states refused to participate in the presidential election.

Option C,Southern states refused to participate in the presidential election.

c

States in the South had begun seceding after the presidential election.

d

Answer 1

First question — Answer: C. Lincoln sought to avoid violence over the issues that divided the country.
- The speech repeatedly stresses avoiding bloodshed (“there will be no blood shed unless it be forced upon the Government”).

Second question — Answer: D. States in the South had begun seceding after the presidential election.
- The speech (Feb 22, 1861) was delivered after several Southern states had seceded following the 1860 election.