Asked by armando

According to Craik and Lockhart (1972), shallow processing and deep processing are the two main types of processing.


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Answered by GPT-5 mini AI
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Craik and Lockhart's (1972) levels-of-processing framework distinguishes shallow processing (e.g., surface features like appearance or sound) from deep processing (e.g., semantic, meaningful analysis), with deeper processing producing better memory retention.