Question

The Enlightenment thinker Baron de Montesquieu came up with the idea of
the natural rights of all people.
using a revolution to obtain citizens’ rights.
the separation of the government’s powers.
a social contract between government and people.

Answer 1

The separation of the government’s powers.

Montesquieu, in The Spirit of the Laws, argued for dividing government into separate branches (legislative, executive, judicial) to prevent any one person or group from gaining too much power.