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Which process is spontaneous?
electrolysis of water into oxygen and hydrogen
spreading of a strong fragrance of perfume in a room
separation of sodium and chlorine from sodium chloride
removal of iron fillings from a mixture by using a magnet
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Spreading of a strong fragrance of perfume in a room.
Reason: spontaneity means the process occurs without an external input of work or energy. Perfume molecules diffuse and spread naturally (increasing entropy). Electrolysis of water and separating Na and Cl from NaCl require external energy to break bonds, and removing iron filings needs an external magnetic action (a magnet), so those are not spontaneous.
Reason: spontaneity means the process occurs without an external input of work or energy. Perfume molecules diffuse and spread naturally (increasing entropy). Electrolysis of water and separating Na and Cl from NaCl require external energy to break bonds, and removing iron filings needs an external magnetic action (a magnet), so those are not spontaneous.
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