Question

I have dwelt upon the greatness of Athens because I want to show you that we are contending for a higher prize than those who enjoy none of these privileges, and to establish by manifest proof the merit of these men whom I am now commemorating. Their loftiest praise has been already spoken. For in magnifying the city I have magnified them, and men like them whose virtues made her glorious.

Why did Pericles focus on the greatness of Athens?

to remind other cities of the greatness and uniqueness of Athens
to promote Athens for future generations
to show that protecting Athens is a cause worth dying for
to help encourage democracy throughout the region

Answer 1

to show that protecting Athens is a cause worth dying for

Pericles emphasizes Athens’ greatness to demonstrate that those who died were fighting for a noble, exceptional city and therefore their sacrifice was justified and honorable — “contending for a higher prize” and proving the merit of the men commemorated.