Question

A similarity between Henry VIII and Martin Luther was that both

formed new denominations that spread throughout Europe.
were European monarchs who opposed the Catholic Church.
were religious leaders who tried to change the Catholic Church.
were excommunicated from the Catholic Church for their actions.

Answer 1

were excommunicated from the Catholic Church for their actions.

Martin Luther was formally excommunicated in 1521 for his teachings and refusal to recant. Henry VIII was excommunicated (after he broke with Rome over his marriage and established the Church of England).