Question

1.How much new water is created everyday? 





2. What makes water change from a liquid to a vapor? What is the name of the process?


3. What is condensation?


4. Describe how the molecules of boiling water are different from the molecules of water at room temperature.


5. Why do puddles evaporate?


6, How old is water?


7. What is the process where clouds come from?


8. What is collection? Where is water stored on the surface of the earth?


9. Why did Bill Nye add “smoke” to the jar when trying to make a cloud?


10. Why should we protect and keep water clean?

Answer 1

1) How much new water is created every day?
- Practically none. The total amount of water on Earth is basically constant — it cycles between ice, liquid, and vapor. Very tiny amounts can be formed or lost through chemical reactions or space processes, but these are negligible compared with Earth's total water supply.

2) What makes water change from a liquid to a vapor? What is the name of the process?
- Adding energy (heat) makes water molecules move faster so some escape from the surface as gas. The general process is called evaporation; when the whole liquid boils and turns to gas it’s called vaporization or boiling.

3) What is condensation?
- Condensation is the change from water vapor (gas) back to liquid. It happens when vapor cools or meets a cooler surface and loses energy, forming tiny droplets (for example, fog, dew, or cloud droplets).

4) Describe how the molecules of boiling water are different from the molecules of water at room temperature.
- In boiling water the molecules have much higher kinetic energy, move faster, and are farther apart — hydrogen bonds break more often and the water becomes a gas. At room temperature the molecules move more slowly, stay closer together, and form a liquid held partly by hydrogen bonds. Chemically the molecules (H2O) are the same.

5) Why do puddles evaporate?
- Puddles evaporate because some surface water molecules gain enough energy (from sunlight, warm air, or contact with warm surfaces) to escape into the air as vapor. Dry air and wind speed this up by carrying vapor away.

6) How old is water?
- Most of Earth’s water is very old — billions of years (roughly the age of the Earth, ~4.5 billion years). Much of it was present when the planet formed or arrived early in the solar system’s history. The same water molecules keep recycling through the water cycle.

7) What is the process where clouds come from?
- Clouds form when rising air cools and water vapor condenses into tiny droplets or ice crystals on small particles called condensation nuclei (dust, salt, smoke). Cooling can occur by rising warm air (convection), frontal lifting, or air being forced up over mountains (orographic lift).

8) What is collection? Where is water stored on the surface of the earth?
- Collection is when precipitation gathers in places after falling — in rivers, lakes, oceans, and as groundwater or ice. Major storage locations:
- Oceans (≈97% of Earth’s water)
- Glaciers and ice caps (most of the freshwater)
- Groundwater (a large share of accessible freshwater)
- Lakes, rivers, soils, and the atmosphere (small fractions)

9) Why did Bill Nye add “smoke” to the jar when trying to make a cloud?
- Smoke provides tiny particles that act as condensation nuclei. Water vapor needs microscopic surfaces to condense on; smoke particles give that surface so droplets can form and a visible cloud appears.

10) Why should we protect and keep water clean?
- Clean water is essential for drinking, agriculture, industry, and healthy ecosystems. Polluted water causes disease, harms wildlife, damages economies, and makes treatment and restoration costly. Protecting water preserves public health, biodiversity, and reliable water supplies for the future.